![]() It should do the same as izip_longest from Python 2. To unzip a sequence we have to use the zip() function with the unpacking operator *.In Python 3's itertools there is a function called zip_longest. The zip() function can perform both zipping and unzipping of sequences. The answer to this question is the zip() function itself. But now the question that comes in mind is ‘How can we unzip a sequence?’ Is there any inbuilt method that does just the reverse of the zip()? Well, there is no such inbuilt method in Python. Till now, we have understood a lot about zipping the sequences. Print(k2,': ', v2) Output: first_name : John We have zipped these two lists and created a single dictionary from them. In the below example, we have two lists containing information of a student. This can be easily achieved using the zip() function. Sometimes, you might have a requirement where you need to build a dictionary from two similar types of sequences. The remaining items(‘d’, ‘e’ & ‘f’) have no match therefore they are completely ignored. Therefore only the first three items from both the iterables are considered. In the above example, the length of the shortest iterable is 3. The remaining items in the longer iterables are completely ignored by the zip() function. In such cases, the zip() function returns an iterator which has the same length as the shortest iterable. There might be situations where the length of the iterables that we are passing as the arguments is unequal. In this case, the zip() function returns an empty iterator. You can also call the zip() function without passing any arguments to it. In this case, the zip() function returns an iterator that contains a list of 1-item tuples. The zip() function can also take just one argument. Students = zip(first_name, last_name, age) age to the zip() function and our task will be done. To do that we have to pass one more parameter i.e. Now, let’s add one more field, the age of the students with their corresponding first and last names. In the previous example, we zipped the first names with their corresponding last names using the zip(). Print(list(students)) Output: Įxample 2: Combining first name, last name and age See the example below: Example 1: Combining first name and last name first_name = The Python zip() function aggregates elements that are on the same index in different iterables and returns an iterator containing all such combinations. How would you do that? Well, the answer is the Python zip() function. Your task is to combine the first names with the corresponding last names. Suppose, you have two lists containing the first names and last names of university students. Now, let’s understand it with the help of a real-world example. This zip object can later be converted to any type of iterable such as list, dictionary, set, etc.Īt the beginning of this tutorial, we learned that the Python zip() function aggregates elements from two or more iterables and results into a single iterator. This zip object is basically an iterator containing items from all the iterables passed to the zip() function. It can take any number of iterables at a time. The zip() function takes in iterables as arguments such as lists, sets, tuples, dictionaries, etc. The syntax of the zip() function is as follows: zip(*iterables) This iterator can later be converted to any desired type of iterable like a list, dictionary, etc based on the requirement. The result of the zip() function is an iterator of tuples that contains elements from each iterable you have passed into the zip(). The Python zip() function aggregates elements from two or more iterables and zip them into a single iterable.
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![]() If you only unload automatic I think it won't stockpile and will only drop off if that particular town is looking to buy. It seems to work but I think you have to do it this way by initially setting a manual unload amount. ![]() I'm pretty sure this works already, just make sure to set the trade route to LOAD at the town instead of BUY and it should take from the warehouse.Īlso on the traderoute you can manually set a number for the amount to be UNLOADED at a warehouse and then theoretically other convoys can take and distribute from the warehouse along other routes. Originally posted by SpaceForce:Now, i would use the warehouse like a distribution center, i have a city that would produce wheat, than i would use a convoy to take that wheat from the warehouse and distribute it with the convoy to the city's with demand for wheat, thats how it works in real economy's. Warehouses costs too much per day, mas it will make you lose money if you use it the wrong way.Īt least for now, since the devs said they are going to rework the warehouses You don't need a warehouse for only a couple of coffee plantations. Maybe I'm doing something wrong? Like TheCollector said, warehouses are special buildings. Originally posted by Harris:Since the thread has such an apt name, could someone explain me how to actually make profit here? Even if the city has thousands of it so it sells to market for 96, I can just buy it for 96 again and ship it elsewhere. I don't see any real use of warehouse as it is. ![]() But nope, you don't need that population density, because you get too much space compared to the amount of businesses you realistically need anyway.Ī guide says you're best just selling resources for a profit early game and don't bother with the colony. I played as Netherlands trader btw, figured building your city is a big deal. But in reality it's just overproduction, no real demand, my profit vs production costs vs maintenance make no sense as my businesses and the warehouse and the ships eat all the profit so I'm constantly on the verge of bankruptcy with this. I thought if I'd build 2 blocks of 4 coffee plantations and build a warehouse I'll be set. I have not heard what their prices are in the release version of PR4.Īdded: The Queen Anne is a modified version of the Spanish War Galleon.Since the thread has such an apt name, could someone explain me how to actually make profit here? In the Beta they got changed in price to about 250k for the 1 point warship and about 325k for the 2 point warship. If you keep checking the Large Ship Yards at the various Viceroy capital towns, you will occasionally find one of it's special design ships available to be bought. I think that there is at least one and perhaps two special ship designs for Pirates as well. The regular Fluyt is 500 Capacity, I think that the Trader's Fluyt is 800 or 900 capacity. Netherlands is an exception, one of it's National special ship designs is the largest cargo ship in the game, the Trader's Fluyt which is much bigger than normal Fluyt that the other countries can build. Most of those special National designs are a 1 point Warship and a 2 point Warship for that country. ![]() After that, that town can build (Order) that design. After that you can build ONE Queen Anne at a Large Ship Yard in your HOME TOWN, in each new game of PR4 that you play.Įach of the Nations has two different ship designs that only someone of that Nation can build, HOWEVER, if you capture one or buy it from a ship yard, IF you gave a Large Ship built AND have a Ship Wright built in that same town, you can learn how to build that design by having that ship visit that town and Ship Wright. You get the design by finishing all of the Tutorial missions. The Queen Anne is the only ship that I know of that is unique, i.e. ![]() The browser extensions have limited capability and are segregated into three tabs. This is how Dahslane can be used on Chromebook and Linux machines. There are extensions for all browsers such as Chrome, Edge, Firefox, Opera, and Safari and you can easily use them in standalone mode. Extensions and Web Portalįor capturing passwords across websites and also fill them, including other pieces of information one needs to install the Dashlane’s browser extension. You also get the ability to add to your vault, there are sections for Passwords, Secure Notes, Personal Info, Payments, IDs, and Receipts along with Security tools. It has sections for app preferences, import or exports your data, install the web extensions. You can use the app for various settings and preferences. The desktop app has a clean interface and gives a proper navigation route for its layouts. It can also fetch passwords from Chrome, Edge, Firefox, and Internet Explorer. With Dashlane you can easily import your data if you are switching from one password manager to another. Dashlane likewise supports U2F (universal 2nd factor) security keys for authentication. Once your account is active do not forget to add on the two-step authentication. You need to set up and unguessable master password for Dashlane. Further, it follows a step for email verification to move forward. You can use Dashlane on Linux platforms and Chromebooks via its browser extensions.įor a new user, you need to enter your email address and create a master password. The Dashlane app has its versions for Windows, macOS, Android, and iOS. It monitors your r credit score and alerts you to any unusual activity. Additionally, you also get a Premium Plus plan, which costs $119.88 annually. But when you count in the VPN protection, Dashlane’s price makes more sense. Other than this, the paid version comes for $59.99 annually which is quite expensive. The free version also has a 50-password limit on new users and you can only share across five accounts. In the free version, the password manager is available for a single device only and you cannot use the same across various devices you use. You can expect certain limitations which is quite obvious for a free version. Price Expectationsĭashlane extensively offers a free version for use. Additionally, it also incorporates a VPN and scans your existing accounts for weak and compromised passwords. Dashlaneĭashlane is one such password manager that performs all the basic as well as advanced tasks. Not only it remembers all your passwords but also helps generate strong passwords for each of the account you have. ![]() Here, a password manager comes to rescue. However, it is pretty difficult to do remember all of the passwords. You must have read a lot of articles stating how important it is to keep strong and unique passwords for different accounts. So, if your password is leaked elsewhere, you know the stakes. You use passwords to log in to various accounts of yours.
If you would like to know the lead time of a specific product, please do not hesitate to contact us. Professional Books & Magazines: 2 - 4 weeks Beef Gelatin Pure Protein Easy to use in Recipes Unflavored Kosher: KO Rating. While we cannot guarantee the exact arrival time, below is the approximate lead time range for reference: Does anyone know whether the kosher gelatin in Dannon yogurts are vegetable or. Please contact us if you would like to do that.Īs we order some of our professional tools aboard, brands below may take longer to arrive. Each time an order is shipped a shipping fee is required. ![]() If you would like to ship available items first, we can help to separate the order into two or more orders. kosher gelatin Recipes In This Collection Peppermint Marshmallows Vanilla Bean Marshmallows No-Bake Cheesecake Over Crumbled Caramel Biscuits Agar Sheets. Orders with out-of-stock/pre-order items will not be shipped until all items are available. As we ship first-come-first-serve, to ensure your priority in the queue, we suggest that you place a pre-order online so that we can ship the item to you as soon as we get it. ![]() Disclaimer: Kosher City Plus accepts orders of reasonable size, however, we reserve the right to refuse. Generally, most items (especially ingredients) will be back in stock 1 to 10 days after you have placed your order, unless otherwise noted on the product page. Elyon Real Kosher Gelatin Low Calorie 12.5g. If there is a "Special Order" badge on the top right of the product, that means the item is not currently in stock. ![]() Enjoy stunning and astoundingly detailed graphics that look exquisite. This puzzle game looks beautiful on new 18:9 phones and also shines on tablet devices. In game camera allows you to take snapshots and save them for later use.Įnjoy 9 free escape levels before you decide to purchase the remaining levels and experience the whole Faraway 3: Arctic Escape story that will leave you impressed. This is an escape game that will keep you engaged for many hours! You have many more pages of your father’s missing journal to find, maybe then you will unlock your family’s past. Uncovering secrets have never been so much fun. Then move the left laser to the new receptor that appears to the left. Navigate through one of the easiest 3d environments in an escape game while enjoying an ambient soundtrack. First, rotate the two lasers so they point at these receptors. Turn, look and explore mind-bending puzzles and contraptions. Observe the arctic environment, collect items, manipulate devices and solve perplexing puzzles to escape frosty temple labyrinths.Įxplore 18 new temples packed with escape puzzles, Explore a 3D world that will captivate you from the moment you begin. To open these doors and progress you may have to pull levers, solve puzzles. You seem to be getting closer to finding your father, all the while you are still finding notes he left behind. Each level has a series of doors that you have to pass through and a final portal. After unraveling a huge number of mind-boggling puzzles, the last gateway you entered took you to an altogether new wintery continent filled with frosty, new temples to investigate. It’s been several years now, since your journey began, searching for your lost father. Sequel to one of the all-time best escape games with over a million players! A room escape puzzle game that will completely challenge your mind, captivate you & offer hours of amazing mobile gaming entertainment. This room escape game will challenge your puzzle solving ability. So set off on this journey because there is more to this story than meets the eye.Escape all-new distant places in Faraway 3: Arctic Escape that are full of mind-bending puzzles and new exciting locations to explore. UNIQUE SOUNDTRACKAs you rummage through the ruins full of secrets, you can enjoy the original and updated soundtrack that will stick with you even after escaping the desert. ![]() The application was developed by the developer Mousecity. FREE 360 FPS MOVEMENTThe free 360 fps movement will let you dive into the sheer beauty of this interactive 3D world and solve the puzzles hands-on. Look around and collect objects that will help you get out of the trap. Have yet to finish the Story Mode though, I have only seen new blue sphere on yt videos. On the Main Menu I have Sonic 1, Sonic CD, Sonic 2 and Sonic 3&Knuckles. 0, which was produced for Windows 7 The new discount codes are constantly updated on Couponxoo If it can run one pin code in this time and there are 9999 pin codes then it will take roughly 3 For numbers that have less than 4 digits, just precede the number with 0s All Elizabeth the Firsts Spy-Master had to do to crack Marys code, was to look through. UPDATED GRAPHICSSpend hours basking in the beauty of deserts and ruins of the ancient civilization with newly updated graphics. If youve scrolled over to the Sonic 3 & Knuckles menu in Sonic Origins, youll notice immediately that the Blue Spheres bonus mini-game has been included. ![]() VOICEOVERThe newly-added voiceover will guide you through the alluring 3D world and let you immerse yourself into the compelling story of the Faraway. Faraway: Puzzle Escape is an escape the room puzzle video game developed by Pine Studio for iOS and Android platforms. To reveal all the secrets this place hides, you will have to explore it, find unusual items, solve perplexing puzzles, and prove your worth. Watch this step-by-step Walkthrough Level 7 - which may help and guide you through each and every level part of this game. Now with two extra levels, you can explore 20 unique temples filled with puzzles. MIND-BENDING PUZZLESRuled by an ancient civilization, this realm is packed with carefully constructed devices. Level 7: You can watch my video for level 7 including all three letters or see my step-by-step guide below: 1. After the mobile version, which has been downloaded more than 5 million times, Faraway finally opens its door to PC gamers with this updated Director's cut version. ![]() Pull the lever down and cross the bridge. Turn right a bit and tap on the broken column to rotate it until you see a lever. Faraway is a puzzle adventure game set in a mysterious desert. Level 7: You can watch my video for level 7 including all three letters or see my step-by-step guide below: 1. Thanks for Zondervan for permission to post these images. ![]() Zondervan has put together a nicely designed version of Horton’s application for each of the major doctrines.įor PDFs of these images, go here and here. This rubric-of disciples living in the drama expressed through doctrines for the purpose of doxology-is a very helpful way to think through the various aspects of theology. The drama and the doctrine provoke us to praise and worship- doxology-Īnd together these three coordinates give us a new way of living in the world as disciples. A s a 13-year-old middle school student from Sydney, Australi a, Michael Perl visited Hungary for the first time in 1984 with his Hungarian-born, Holocaust survivor father. how we are to live here and now in light of it all.The medical school of Michael Coords is OTHER and graduation year is 2010. what kind of future is promised to us in Christ, and Michael Coords is a registered Medicare health care provider with speciality in DIAGNOSTIC RADIOLOGY.My current nails, Seb said that these might be the best ones Ive ever had, and Im prepared to agree with him. what this covenant community is and what it means to belong to it Nails, Coords, Drinks Very simple outfit, the skirt and bag are from Topshop, the rest is from H&M.and what it means to be created in his image, fallen, and redeemed, renewed, and glorified in union with Christ.Īs the Father creates his church, in his Son and by his Spirit, we come to realize Professor Chwe (pronounced like chess without the ss) studies how people coordinate their actions when each person wants to participate only if enough others do.But we would like to bring the point cloud to a Scale Only project.Ĭan it be recalculated? I had problem just like that yesterday, and the only thing I came up with was to export LAS on the projection and reimport to SCALE ONLY project.And out of the throbbing verbs of this unfolding drama God reveals stable nouns- doctrines.įrom what God does in history we are taught certain things about Say: Trimble Access was set up with projection. But will the scale factor of the point cloud change as well? Michael Coords works at SimonMed, which is a Hospitals & Physicians Clinics company with an estimated 500 employees. But what about the point cloud itself? I know that it will move/rotate. The employer identification number (EIN) for Michael G Coords Md Pllc is 842453735. View Michael Coords's record in Yorba Linda, CA including current phone number, address, relatives, background check report, and property record with Whitepages. ![]() If the point cloud was collected using SX10/12, then changing the coordinate system will transform the set up point. Michael G Coords Md Pllc is a corporation in Ponte Verda, Florida. If the points cloud is already in the project or if it's not in terms of a coordinate system, then you can Georeference the scan using points in TBC (you need to have the Scanning module in order to do this). With other point cloud formats you may need to import as a Georeferenced point cloud and select the coordinate system that the point cloud is in terms of. What format is the cloud data in? If it's SX10\12 data then if you transform the station setup point then the point cloud will move with it. Is is possible to transform points in TBC from one known coordinate system to another without having to manually enter transformation parameters.įor example if I want to transform points from New Zealand EDENTM2000 to NZTM2000 which are both pre-defined coordinate systems. See Michael Coords's age, phone number, house address, email address, social media accounts, public records, and check for criminal records on Spokeo. I had tried that Marian but I'm working with a point cloud and it didn't move.ġ) Start a new project with your coordinate system "A".Ģ) Import your points on "A" coordinate system as grid or globalģ) Change coordinate system from "A" to "B"Ĥ) Export your points in "B" coordinate system ![]() It’ll save everyone time in getting new members up to speed. If your platform allows it, share the chat history with new members. They’ll get a notification, which will help them return to the conversation later. Tag new members to welcome them to the group.Be aware, though, that tagging is commonly associated with a call to action and can seem bossy if not used with discretion. Tag (also known as group members when you need a response.These quick tips can help you keep your group chats efficient and help everyone involved stay on task: Group IM conversations have their own unique chat etiquette. And be sure that your own availability status is current so that no one messages you during a presentation or when you’re out of the office. Never ping a colleague who’s set themselves as unavailable-unless they’ve expressly asked you to. Respect your coworkers’ availability status. ![]() Use it to convey “understood,” “okay,” or “will do.” Use the “love,” “laugh,” “wow,” “cry,” or “mad” sentiments more sparingly, depending on your team’s norms. The thumbs-up button-often thought of as the “like” button-can help you close the loop on conversations faster, with less back-and-forth. Use sentiment and reactions appropriately.Try to match your emoji, meme, and GIF usage to the rest of your team. When it comes to injecting some fun into your digital conversations, a little goes a long way. Many workplace chat apps feature emojis, memes, stickers, and GIFs. Second that emotion-but with restraint.Being inclusive and making sure every voice is heard isn’t just good professional communication etiquette, it also helps to nurture collaboration and improve your team’s productivity. Familiarize yourself with accessibility guidelines.If you get overwhelmed by notifications, toggle off all but your highest priorities. You can also save, bookmark, and pin important chat conversations. It’s good chat etiquette to configure your notifications so that you see all of your messages and mentions and respond in a timely manner. Set notifications so that you respond quickly.Sometimes this the fastest way to resolve an issue and show that you value other people’s time. If written IMs prove unclear, offer to jump on a quick voice call.This reduces email clutter and spares everyone’s full inboxes (including yours). Move rapid back-and-forth conversations from email threads to quick IMs. ![]()
![]() This isn’t a big deal at all if your ultimate goal is using the file to make a Cricut project.įor more Cricut tips and tricks, check out my post on how to slice text and objects in Design Space, how to layer iron-on vinyl, how to use the Maker’s knife blade to cut wood, and how to use the Maker’s debossing and engraving tips. You can save them for future use in Design Space-and you can even share them with others in Design Space.īut you can’t save them off and email them like you would be able to do with an actual SVG file. One of the limitations to be aware of when converting files in Design Space is that you can’t save them off. Limitations of converting in Design Space Lowering the speckles threshold helped, but it still kinda looks bad. However, in this case, this is what I got.Īlmost certainly because it was a smaller, lower-quality image to begin with. I’d say 75% of the time it fixes the issues with not detecting certain spots in an image. The lowest threshold for this free software is “8,” so I usually just pop that in as a first stab to see if it helps. You need to lower your speckles threshold. So, for example, if you try to convert a JPG file of the letter “A,” you might find that it doesn’t detect and outline the little triangle in the A. If you scroll down in the image settings (before converting it), there is a field for “speckles threshold.” This is the minimum length in pixels for a closed line to be recognized during conversion. However, I want to flag one feature that has helped me with some of my past conversions: speckles threshold. That is definitely not going to look good on my apron! So this file probably isn’t going to work with this image convertor. For the full experience, definitely check out the video I made about this conversion process too. I realize these screen captures are kind of hard to see, but hopefully they will at least give you an idea of how easy this is. I’m going to use a JPG version of my blog’s logo to show you guys how these work. All are probably about the same in terms of features and usability. So how do you convert JPG or PNG to SVG? There are a ton of ways, but I am going to share a free and simple resource with you that meets 95% of my needs! It’s a website called, and it has resources for converting loads of file types. Option #1: How to convert JPG to SVG using free web-based software Getting your feet wet with Cricut? Check out my detailed Cricut machine comparison post looking at the Cricut Joy, Cricut Explore Air 2, and Cricut Maker! I also have a tutorial guide for the EasyPress 2 and an overview of how to use the Cricut Mug Press. In Cricut world, a lot of times you’ll just hear “SVG” files referred to as “cut files.” SVG files allow your Cricut to “read” where it needs to perform different activities (for example, where to cut). You can upload SVG files straight into Cricut Design Space, or you can use upload images and convert them to SVGs with varying levels of success (more on that in a bit). It stands for Scalable Vector Graphic, and it is required for your Cricut cutting machine. PNGs also allow you to have a transparent background.Īn SVG file, however, is a graphic file. Since they are larger, they can load slower. That means that they are better for printing and not as good for use on the web. However, PNG files are usually larger and higher quality. PNG stands for Portable Network Graphics and is another common type of image on the web. Typically this doesn’t compromise the image-it just allows it to load faster on websites and devices. That’s because JPG files are smaller and slightly lower quality. JPG stands for Joint Photography Group and is a file type commonly used for web images. ![]() ![]() They can typically be identified by the file extension at the end of an image’s file name (for example, Image.png). JPG (or JPEG) and PNG are simply different types of image files. JPG, PNG, and SVG: What’s the difference? If I sound like I’m speaking a different language, here’s a quick overview of what some of these terms mean. There are a ton of different ways to convert image files to SVG files, and these are just two of them. I am going to be showing you guys two of my favorite ways to convert JPG or PNG files to SVG files for Cricut projects. Hey guys! Time for a Cricut post today-yay. Wondering how to convert JPG to SVG for Cricut projects or use in Cricut’s Design Space? There are a lot of different ways, and today I’m going to show you two easy methods! How to convert JPG to SVG for Cricut crafts ![]() ImaWorx CXP-12 Runtime 5 for Windows 32bit (ver. ImaWorx CXP-12 Runtime 5 for Windows 64bit (ver. Pylon 6.3.0 Camera Software Suite Linux x86 (64 Bit) - Debian Installer Package NET, GenTL and DirectShow/Twain (version 6.3.0) Redistributables – pylon 6 runtime – contain drivers for all camera interfaces, programming language runtimes for C, C++. Pylon Software, Release Notes, Release Notes Pylon 6.3.0 Linux ARM - x86 - Release Notes Pylon 6.3.0 Camera Software Suite Linux x86 (64 Bit) Pylon 6.3.0 Camera Software Suite Windows 3.3.1)Ĭamera Enablement Package for NXP®s i.MX8 applications processor series (Zeus) Release Notes, blaze Software, Release Notes, pylon Software Pylon 7.0.0 Linux ARM - x86 - Release Notes Pylon 7.0.0 Camera Software Suite Linux x86 (64 Bit) Pylon 7.0.0 Camera Software Suite Linux x86 (64 Bit) - Debian Installer Package NET, GenTL and DirectShow/Twain (version 7.0.0) Redistributables – pylon 7 runtime – contain drivers for all camera interfaces, programming language runtimes for C, C++. Pylon 7.0.0 Camera Software Suite Windows Release Notes, Release Notes, blaze Firmware Pylon Supplementary Package for blaze - Linux ARM 64 bitīasler blaze-101 Firmware 4.2.0 - Release Notes Pylon Supplementary Package for blaze -Linux ARM 64 bit - Debian Installer Package Pylon Supplementary Package for blaze - Linux x86_64 no blaze Viewer Pylon Supplementary Package for blaze - Linux x86_64 no blaze Viewer - Debian Installer Package ![]() Pylon Supplementary Package for blaze - Linux x86_64 Pylon Supplementary Package for blaze - Linux x86_64 - Debian Installer Package Pylon Supplementary Package for blaze - Windows Release Notes, blaze Software, pylon Software, Release Notes Pylon Supplementary Package for blaze - Release Notes Pylon Supplementary Package for MPEG-4 Windows Pylon Supplementary Package for MPEG-4 Linux x86 (64 bit) - tar.gz Pylon Supplementary Package for MPEG-4 Linux x86 (64 bit) - Debian Pylon Supplementary Package for MPEG-4 Linux ARM 64 bit - tar.gz Pylon Software, pylon Supplementary Package for MPEG-4 Pylon Supplementary Package for MPEG-4 Linux ARM 64 bit - Debian Pylon 7.1.0 Linux ARM - x86 - Release Notes Pylon 7.1.0 Camera Software Suite Linux ARM 64 bit - tar.gz Pylon 7.1.0 Camera Software Suite Linux ARM 64 bit - Debian Installer Package ![]() Pylon 7.1.0 Camera Software Suite Linux x86 (64 Bit) - tar.gz Pylon 7.1.0 Camera Software Suite Linux x86 (64 Bit) - Debian Installer Package Release Notes, pylon Software, Release Notes NET, GenTL and DirectShow/Twain (version 7.1.0) Pylon 7.1.0 Camera Software Suite Windows We have shown that the pipeline-based approach is applicable with the presence of symmetry, while the task-based approach can be applicable to more general situations.There are 547 elements available for filtering. The task-based approach gives 11% to 82% performance gain in the derivative computation of the electrostatic potential in GYSELA. The GYSELA 2D advection solver has achieved a 33% to 92% speed up, and the GKV 2D convolution kernel has achieved a factor of 2 speed up with pipelining. In order to mitigate the communication costs, the pipeline and task-based overlapping techniques have been implemented in these codes. This indicates that in the exa-scale, the network constraints would be critical. In their parallel versions, transpose communication in semi-Lagrangian solver in GYSELA or Convolution kernel in GKV turned out to be a main bottleneck. For the scalability, we have measured GYSELA performance on Xeon Phi KNL from 16 to 512 KNLs (1024 to 32k cores) and GKV performance on Tesla P 100 GPU from 32 to 256 GPUs. On accelerators, a serial version of GYSELA on KNL and GKV on GPU are respectively 1.3× and 7.4× faster than those on a single Skylake processor (a single socket). In order to anticipate some of the exa-scale requirements, these codes were ported to the modern accelerators, Xeon Phi KNL and Tesla P 100 GPU. Communication and computation overlapping techniques have been introduced in the five-dimensional gyrokinetic codes GYSELA and GKV. |
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